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Diseases of Aquatic Organisms

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DAO 115:157-164 (2015)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02891

Emilia sonchifolia extract activity against white spot syndrome virus and yellow head virus in shrimp cell cultures

Lamai Maikaeo1, Wilaiwan Chotigeat1,2,*, Wilawan Mahabusarakam

1Department of Molecular biology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
2Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, HatYai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
*Corresponding author:

ABSTRACT: Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC is a plant used in traditional medicine to treat several viral and bacterial diseases. The antiviral activities of selected Sephadex LH-20 column fractions and HPLC subfractions of an acetone extract of E. sonchifolia leaves were determined in shrimp Penaeus merguiensis primary lymphoid cells infected with either white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or yellow head virus (YHV). WSSV and YHV replication was quantified using quantitative real-time PCR tests targeted to the VP19 and ORF1b gene transcripts, respectively. In lymphoid organ cells exposed to 100 µg ml-1 of either the Sephadex fraction F14 or the HPLC F14 subfraction SF4, both fractions caused reduced replication, but YHV replication was reduced only by SF4. In the asthiazolyl blue mitochondrial enzyme activity assays to assess extract cytotoxicity, >60% of primary lymphoid organ cells remained viable following exposure to 100 µg ml-1 of either F14 or SF4. GC-MS analysis of the HPLC F14 subfraction SF4 showed that it contained 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. This study is the first to show that E. sonchifolia leaf extracts might be useful as bioactive agents to protect shrimp against viruses such as WSSV and YHV.


KEY WORDS: Antiviral activity · Emilia sonchifolia · Lymphoid organ cell culture · WSSV · YHV · Penaeus merguiensis


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Cite this article as: Maikaeo L, Chotigeat W, Mahabusarakam W (2015) Emilia sonchifolia extract activity against white spot syndrome virus and yellow head virus in shrimp cell cultures. Dis Aquat Org 115:157-164. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02891

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