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MEPS
Marine Ecology Progress Series

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MEPS 242:295-304 (2002)  -  doi:10.3354/meps242295

Estimates of the current global population size and historical trajectory for sperm whales

Hal Whitehead1,2,*

1Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax B3H4JI, Nova Scotia, Canada
2Max Planck Institute for Behavioural Physiology, PO Box 1564, 82305 Starnberg, Germany

ABSTRACT: Assessments of sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus abundance based on invalid analyses of whaling data are common in the literature. Modern visual surveys have produced population estimates for a total of 24% of the sperm whale¹s global habitat. I corrected these assessments for whales missed on the track line and then used 3 methods to scale up to a global population. Scaling using habitat area, plots of 19th century catches and primary production produced consistent global population estimates of about 360000 whales (CV = 0.36). This is approximately 20% of the numbers reproduced in current literature from invalid whaling-based estimates. A population model, based on that used by the International Whaling Commission¹s Scientific Committee, and which considers uncertainty in population parameters and catch data, was used to estimate population trajectories. Results suggest that pre-whaling numbers were about 1110000 whales (95% CI 672000 to 1512000), and that the population was about 71% (95% CI 52 to 100%) of its original level in 1880 as open-boat whaling drew to a close and about 32% (95% CI 19 to 62%) of its original level in 1999, 10 yr after the end of large-scale hunting. Thus, widely held views about the status of sperm whale populations need considerable revision.


KEY WORDS: Sperm whale · Physeter · Population · Depletion · Whaling


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