MEPS 273:269-279(2004)  -  doi: 10.3354/meps273269

ABSTRACT: Under optimal growth conditions, many metabolic rates scale to the 3Ž4 power of mass. We show that resource limitation can alter this size scaling of metabolic rates if resource acquisition depends on organism size. A prime example of size-dependent resource acquisition is light harvesting by phytoplankton. The size-dependence of light acquisition causes a deviation in the 3Ž4 size scaling of growth and photosynthetic rates under growth-limiting irradiance. The degree of deviation from the 3Ž4 size-scaling exponent depends on the size-dependence of physiological acclimation in response to resource limitation. Phytoplankton acclimate to light limitation by changes in pigment concentration. We calculate the pigment concentration required to maximize photosynthetic rate, and predict that the light-limited photosynthetic rate must scale to the 2Ž3 power of cell volume. These theoretical results are consistent with the size scaling of pigment concentration and photosynthetic rate of phytoplankton cultures. Our results suggest that deviation from the 3Ž4 size-scaling exponent for metabolic rate under resource-limiting conditions is the consequence of the size-dependence of both resource acquisition and physiological acclimation to resource availability.

KEY WORDS: 3Ž4 rule · Allometry · Light absorption · Macroecology · Nutrient uptake · Phytoplankton · Resource limitation · Size scaling