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MEPS
Marine Ecology Progress Series

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MEPS 491:265-275 (2013)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10487

Linking at-sea mortality of a pelagic shearwater to breeding colonies of origin using biogeochemical markers

Jennifer L. Lavers1,2,5,*, Alexander L. Bond3,4, Steven L. Van Wilgenburg4, Keith A. Hobson4

1Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tasmania 7005, Australia
2Wealth from Oceans National Flagship, CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
3Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
4Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 3H5, Canada
5Present address: School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Building 18, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia

ABSTRACT: An emerging issue in seabird conservation is the ability to link at-sea mortality with observed demographic changes at breeding colonies. Applications of modelling and biochemical markers can be used to assign mortalities of unknown provenance to a colony of origin ensuring conservation actions are targeted at those colonies identified as the most affected. We analysed feathers (n = 120) from flesh-footed shearwater Puffinus carneipes collected from 5 breeding colonies throughout their range. Using stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) and trace element concentrations (Mn, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, Ba, Pb), we assigned birds recovered from fishing vessels off Australia, New Zealand, and the North Pacific to colony of origin, and investigated the rate of correct assignment at 3 spatial scales. Using quadratic discriminant analysis, samples of known origin were correctly assigned to basin, region, and breeding colonies at similar rates (92.3, 81.3, and 88.1%, respectively). Stable isotopes succeeded in assigning individuals among basins (72.8%), performing less well at the region and colony level (52.5 and 36.4%, respectively). In contrast, correct assignment was consistent at all 3 scales using only trace elements (93.2, 95.7, and 96.6%, respectively). Applying our final model based on trace elements to 116 flesh-footed shearwaters taken as bycatch in eastern Australia (n = 30), Western Australia (n = 32), New Zealand (n = 16), eastern North Pacific (n = 27) and western North Pacific (n = 11), we assigned individuals to colonies in New Zealand (35.3%), Western/South Australia (36.2%), Western Australia (27.6%), and Lord Howe Island (0.9%). Bycatch in fisheries may help explain ongoing declines in flesh-footed shearwater populations across the species’ range, highlighting the utility of assignment tools to account for unobservable mortality of wildlife at-sea.


KEY WORDS: Fisheries bycatch · Geographic assignment · Trace elements · Stable isotopes · Flesh-footed shearwater · Puffinus carneipes


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Cite this article as: Lavers JL, Bond AL, Van Wilgenburg SL, Hobson KA (2013) Linking at-sea mortality of a pelagic shearwater to breeding colonies of origin using biogeochemical markers. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 491:265-275. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10487

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