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DAO 110:33-54 (2014)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02738

Contribution to the DAO Special: 'Microcell parasites of molluscs'

Phylogenetics of Bonamia parasites based on small subunit and internal transcribed spacer region ribosomal DNA sequence data

Kristina M. Hill1,7, Nancy A. Stokes1, Stephen C. Webb2, P. Mike Hine3, Marina A. Kroeck4, James D. Moore5, Margaret S. Morley6, Kimberly S. Reece1, Eugene M. Burreson1, Ryan B. Carnegie1,*

1Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary, PO Box 1346, Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062, USA
2Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand
373, rue de la F?e au Bois, 17450 Fouras, France
4Laboratorio de Histopatolog?a de Moluscos, Instituto de Biolog?a Marina y Pesquera ?Alte Storni?, G?emes 1030, CC: 104, San Antonio Oeste 8520 (Rio Negro), Argentina
5California Department of Fish and Game, Bodega Marine Laboratory, PO Box 247, Bodega Bay, California 94923, USA
6Auckland Museum, The Domain, Private Bag 92018, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
7Present address: Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, 205 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, USA
*Corresponding author:

ABSTRACT: The genus Bonamia (Haplosporidia) includes economically significant oyster parasites. Described species were thought to have fairly circumscribed host and geographic ranges: B. ostreae infecting Ostrea edulis in Europe and North America, B. exitiosa infecting O. chilensis in New Zealand, and B. roughleyi infecting Saccostrea glomerata in Australia. The discovery of B. exitiosa-like parasites in new locations and the observation of a novel species, B. perspora, in non-commercial O. stentina altered this perception and prompted our wider evaluation of the global diversity of Bonamia parasites. Samples of 13 oyster species from 21 locations were screened for Bonamia spp. by PCR, and small subunit and internal transcribed spacer regions of Bonamia sp. ribosomal DNA were sequenced from PCR-positive individuals. Infections were confirmed histologically. Phylogenetic analyses using parsimony and Bayesian methods revealed one species, B. exitiosa, to be widely distributed, infecting 7 oyster species from Australia, New Zealand, Argentina, eastern and western USA, and Tunisia. More limited host and geographic distributions of B. ostreae and B. perspora were confirmed, but nothing genetically identifiable as B. roughleyi was found in Australia or elsewhere. Newly discovered diversity included a Bonamia sp. in Dendostrea sandvicensis from Hawaii, USA, that is basal to the other Bonamia species and a Bonamia sp. in O. edulis from Tomales Bay, California, USA, that is closely related to both B. exitiosa and the previously observed Bonamia sp. from O. chilensis in Chile.


KEY WORDS:Bonamia · Haplosporidia · Phylogeny


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Cite this article as: Hill KM, Stokes NA, Webb SC, Hine PM and others (2014) Phylogenetics of Bonamia parasites based on small subunit and internal transcribed spacer region ribosomal DNA sequence data. Dis Aquat Org 110:33-54. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02738

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