AEI

Aquaculture Environment Interactions

AEI is a gold Open Access journal and a multidisciplinary forum for primary research studies on the environmental sustainability of aquaculture.

Online: ISSN 1869-7534

Print: ISSN 1869-215X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/aei

Impact Factor2.5 (JCR 2025 release)

Article Acceptance Rate25% (2024)

Average Time in Review175 days (2024)

Total Annual Downloads160.369 (2025)

Volume contents
Aquacult Environ Interact 7:29-47 (2015)

Effect of oyster aquaculture on seagrass Zostera marina at the estuarine landscape scale in Willapa Bay, Washington (USA)

ABSTRACT: Both seagrasses and bivalve shellfish provide valuable ecosystem services in estuaries worldwide. Seagrasses are protected by no-net-loss provisions in US federal and state regulations, resulting in precautionary management that avoids any direct impacts from development activity, including shellfish aquaculture. Recent research suggests that oyster aquaculture has direct impacts on native seagrass (eelgrass Zostera marina) at small spatial and short temporal scales in US west coast estuaries. We quantified impacts of oyster aquaculture on Z. marina at the estuarine landscape scale in Willapa Bay, Washington. A model of Z. marina cover outside of aquaculture was created using distance to estuary mouth, distance to nearest channel, salinity, elevation, and cumulative wave stress as factors, and was then used to predict Z. marina distribution within oyster aquaculture beds and compared to an inverse distance interpolation of points outside of aquaculture. The amount of Z. marina cover observed within oyster aquaculture beds was less than predicted, but represented <1.5% of the total predicted amount of Z. marina cover in Willapa Bay in any year. Type of oyster culture bed did not contribute to observed variation, but mechanically harvested beds had significantly less Z. marina cover than beds harvested by other methods. The majority of beds had 65-145% of the model-predicted Z. marina cover and exhibited relatively low variability between years, suggesting that Z. marina as habitat is resilient to oyster aquaculture as a disturbance and does not result in persistent effects at the landscape scale in this estuary.

KEYWORDS

Brett R. Dumbauld (Corresponding Author)
brett.dumbauld@ars.usda.gov

Lee M. McCoy (Co-author)