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AME 55:143-153 (2009)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01293

Infection by Amoebophrya spp. parasitoids of dinoflagellates in a tropical marine coastal area

Paulo S. Salomon1,*, Edna Granéli1, Maria H. C. B. Neves2, Eliane G. Rodriguez2

1Marine Sciences Centre, University of Kalmar, 39182 Kalmar, Sweden
2Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira, Rua Kioto 253, 28930-000 Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

ABSTRACT: Infection of marine dinoflagellates by the parasitic dinoflagellate Amoebophrya spp. plays an important role in population dynamics and carbon flow in marine food webs. It has been extensively reported that Amoebophrya parasitoids occur in temperate coastal areas of the northern hemisphere; however, little is known about their distribution and importance in tropical areas and southern oceans. We used an rRNA-based, fluorescent in situ hybridization assay to detect Amoebophrya spp. infections during the decline of a late-summer dinoflagellate population dominated by Ceratium falcatiforme in a tropical coastal area of the southern Atlantic Ocean subjected to recurrent upwelling–downwelling cycles. Conditions during our survey were typical of downwelling when oligotrophic waters dominate the area. C. falcatiforme was the most infected host, with a prevalence averaging 2% over the study area at the beginning of sampling. At a fixed sampling station monitored over 4 wk, Amoebophrya prevalence escalated from 1 to 7% over a 6 d period, concomitant to a 94% decrease in host cell numbers. Infection by Amoebophrya was estimated to have killed ca. 11% of the host cell population within this period; thus, parasitism was not the main factor behind the C. falcatiforme population decline. Estimates based on biovolume calculations indicate that ca. 6.5% of the carbon in the decaying C. falcatiforme population was transformed into parasitoid dinospores, which became available to tintinnid ciliates that were abundant during our survey. Such a trophic link might be relevant in tropical oligotrophic waters when the system is characterized by a microbial food web structure.


KEY WORDS: Amoebophrya spp. · Ceratium falcatiforme · Parasitism · Dinoflagellates · FISH probes · South Brazil Bight


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Cite this article as: Salomon PS, Granéli E, Neves MHCB, Rodriguez EG (2009) Infection by Amoebophrya spp. parasitoids of dinoflagellates in a tropical marine coastal area. Aquat Microb Ecol 55:143-153. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01293

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