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Diseases of Aquatic Organisms

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DAO 118:21-30 (2016)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02951

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) strain with genetic properties associated with low pathogenicity at Finnish fish farms

Anna Maria Eriksson-Kallio1,*, Riikka Holopainen2, Satu Viljamaa-Dirks3, Pia Vennerström1, Hanna Kuukka-Anttila4, Perttu Koski5, Tuija Gadd2

1Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Research and Laboratory Department, Production Animal and Wildlife Health Research Unit, Mustialankatu 3, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
2Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Research and Laboratory Department, Veterinary Virology Research Unit, Mustialankatu 3, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
3Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Research and Laboratory Department, Production Animal and Wildlife Health Research Unit, PO Box 92, 70701 Kuopio, Finland
4Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Control Department, Animal Health and Welfare Unit, Mustialankatu 3, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
5Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Research and Laboratory Department, Production Animal and Wildlife Health Research Unit, PO Box Elektroniikkatie 3, 90590 Oulu, Finland
*Corresponding author:

ABSTRACT: Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a contagious viral disease of fish that causes economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. In Finland, IPN virus (IPNV) has been isolated since 1987 from adult fish showing no signs of clinical disease at fish farms located in the coastal areas of the Baltic Sea. The inland area of Finland, however, remained free of IPN until 2012, when fish on several rainbow trout farms were diagnosed IPNV-positive. The fish mortalities detected at the farms were low, but clinical signs and histopathological changes typical for IPNV infection were seen in juvenile salmonids. IPNV was isolated at high water temperatures up to 22°C. In 2013 and 2014, IPNV detections continued at inland farms, indicating that infections have spread. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of the outbreak and to characterise the Finnish inland IPNV isolates using histopathological, immunohistochemical and genetic approaches. In order to determine the epidemiological origin of the inland IPNV infections, the partial viral capsid protein (VP2) gene sequences of the inland IPNV isolates were compared with the sequences of the isolates from the coastal farms. Based on the genetic analysis, the inland isolates belong to IPNV Genogroup 2 (Serotype A3/Ab), and the origin of the isolates appears to be one or several coastal fish farms.


KEY WORDS: IPNV · Rainbow trout · High water temperature · Genogroup 2 · VP2 gene


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Cite this article as: Eriksson-Kallio AM, Holopainen R, Viljamaa-Dirks S, Vennerström P, Kuukka-Anttila H, Koski P, Gadd T (2016) Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) strain with genetic properties associated with low pathogenicity at Finnish fish farms. Dis Aquat Org 118:21-30. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02951

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