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Diseases of Aquatic Organisms

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DAO 135:97-106 (2019)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03384

Fine-scale temporal dynamics of herpes virus and vibrios in seawater during a polymicrobial infection in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Bruno Petton1, Julien de Lorgeril2, Guillaume Mitta2, Gaétan Daigle3, Fabrice Pernet1,**, Marianne Alunno-Bruscia1,*,**

1Ifremer, LEMAR UMR 6539 (Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer), 11 presqu’île du Vivier, 29840 Argenton-en-Landunvez, France
2IHPE Interaction Host Pathogen Environment, UMR 5244 (Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, Université de Montpellier), CC 80, 34095 Montpellier, France
3Service de Consultation Statistique (SCS), Département de mathématiques et de statistique, Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot, Université Laval, 1065 av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
*Corresponding author:
**These authors contributed equally to this work

ABSTRACT: The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is currently being impacted by a polymicrobial disease that involves early viral infection by ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) followed by a secondary bacterial infection leading to death. A widely used method of inducing infection consists of placing specific pathogen-free oysters (‘recipients’) in cohabitation in the laboratory with diseased oysters that were naturally infected in the field (‘donors’). With this method, we evaluated the temporal dynamics of pathogen release in seawater and the cohabitation time necessary for disease transmission and expression. We showed that OsHV-1 and Vibrio spp. in the seawater peaked concomitantly during the first 48 h and decreased thereafter. We found that 1.5 h of cohabitation with donors was enough time to transmit pathogens to recipients and to induce mortality later, reflecting the highly contagious nature of the disease. Finally, mortality of recipients was associated with increasing cohabitation time with donors until reaching a plateau at 20%. This reflects the cumulative effect of exposure to pathogens. The optimal cohabitation time was 5-6 d, the mortality of recipients occurring 1-2 d earlier.


KEY WORDS: Aquaculture · Bivalve · Epidemiology · Health · Polymicrobial disease · OSHV-1 · Pacific oyster mortality syndrome · POMS


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Cite this article as: Petton B, de Lorgeril J, Mitta G, Daigle G, Pernet F, Alunno-Bruscia M (2019) Fine-scale temporal dynamics of herpes virus and vibrios in seawater during a polymicrobial infection in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Dis Aquat Org 135:97-106. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03384

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