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Marine Ecology Progress Series

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MEPS 419:31-45 (2010)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08845

Autotrophic and heterotrophic activity in Arctic first-year sea ice: seasonal study from Malene Bight, SW Greenland

Dorte Haubjerg Søgaard1,2,*, Morten Kristensen1,2, Søren Rysgaard1, Ronnie Nøhr Glud1,4, Per Juel Hansen2, Karen Marie Hilligsøe3

1Greenland Climate Research Centre (c/o Greenland Institute of Natural Resources), Kivioq 2, Box 570, 3900 Nuuk, Greenland
2University of Copenhagen, Marine Biological Laboratory, Strandpromenaden 5, 3000 Helsingør, Denmark
3Aarhus University, Department of Biological Sciences, Ny Munkegade 114-116, 8000 Århus C, Denmark
4Present address: The Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, Scotland, UK
*Email:

ABSTRACT: We present a study of autotrophic and heterotrophic activities of Arctic sea ice (Malene Bight, SW Greenland) as measured by 2 different approaches: (1) standard incubation techniques (H14CO3 and [3H]thymidine incubation) on sea ice cores brought to the laboratory and (2) cores incubated in situ in plastic bags with subsequent melting and measurements of changes in total O2 concentrations. The standard incubations showed that the annual succession followed a distinctive pattern, with a low, almost balancing heterotrophic and autotrophic activity during February and March. This period was followed by an algal bloom in late March and April, leading to a net autotrophic community. During February and March, the oxygen level in the bag incubations remained constant, validating the low balanced heterotrophic and autotrophic activity. As the autotrophic activity exceeded the heterotrophic activity in late March and April, it resulted in a significant net oxygen accumulation in the bag incubations. Integrated over the entire season, the sea ice of Malene Bight was net autotrophic with an annual net carbon fixation of 220 mg C m–2, reflecting the net result of a sea ice-related gross primary production of 350 mg C m–2 and concurrent bacterial carbon demand of 130 mg C m–2. Converting the O2 net exchange of the bag incubations into carbon turnover estimated an annual net carbon fixation of 1700 ± 760 mg C m–2 (mean ± SD), which was higher than the annual net carbon fixation quantified in the standard incubations.


KEY WORDS: Sea ice · Primary production · Bacterial carbon demand · Net autotrophic activity · Net heterotrophic activity · Attenuation coefficients


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Cite this article as: Søgaard DH, Kristensen M, Rysgaard S, Glud RN, Hansen PJ, Hilligsøe KM (2010) Autotrophic and heterotrophic activity in Arctic first-year sea ice: seasonal study from Malene Bight, SW Greenland. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 419:31-45. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08845

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