Inter-Research > MEPS > v444 > p195-206  
MEPS
Marine Ecology Progress Series

via Mailchimp

MEPS 444:195-206 (2012)  -  DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09471

Extreme habitat specialisation and population structure of two gorgonian-associated pygmy seahorses

R. E. Smith*, A. S. Grutter, I. R. Tibbetts

School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia

ABSTRACT: Pygmy seahorses are a group of little-known miniature hippocampid fish that differ considerably in biology and ecology from their larger congeners. We estimated the population density, sex ratio and habitat of 2 sympatric, obligate gorgonian-associated pygmy seahorses, Hippocampus bargibanti and H. denise, in a 20 km long coastal marine protected area in southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Belt transects covering 200 m2 each were surveyed at 7 sites and 5 depth contours to record the density of seahorses and their host gorgonians. The population density (±SE) was 1.17 (±0.27) per 200 m2 for H. denise and 0.34 (±0.20) per 200 m2 for H. bargibanti, some of the lowest densities for unexploited seahorse populations studied thus far. Male−female pairs (43.9%) were the most common group composition for H. denise, with single, 3 or 4 individuals found on 19.5, 7.3 and 29.3% of inhabited gorgonians, respectively. H. denise inhabited 7.8% of Annella reticulata gorgonians within the survey area but were recorded from a total of 8 gorgonian genera during extensive opportunistic ad hoc searches. Annella spp. density was 10.7 times higher than that of Muricella spp. (the sole host of H. bargibanti), of which 20.0% were inhabited. The small population size, occurrence of pygmy seahorses in groups on their hosts with the resulting skew in sex ratios, and habitat specialisation likely all impact the ­species’ population dynamics, and hence these need to be considered in conservation management strategies.


KEY WORDS: Habitat specialist · Miniature species · Abundance · Rare species · Hippocampus · Syngnathidae · Pygmy seahorse · Gorgonian


Full text in pdf format
Cite this article as: Smith RE, Grutter AS, Tibbetts IR (2012) Extreme habitat specialisation and population structure of two gorgonian-associated pygmy seahorses. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 444:195-206. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09471

Export citation
Share:    Facebook - - linkedIn

 Previous article Next article