DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps14549
copiedResource partitioning in hammerhead shark species out-migrating from coastal ecosystems in the Gulf of California
- Lucien Besnard
- Gaël Le Croizier
- Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Margaux Mathieu-Resuge
- Edouard Kraffe
- Raúl O. Martínez-Rincón
- Fabienne Le Grand
- Antoine Bideau
- Gauthier Schaal
ABSTRACT: Juveniles of large hammerhead shark species occupy coastal nurseries before migrating offshore to reproduce. In the central Gulf of California, artisanal elasmobranch fisheries have reported catches of juvenile scalloped Sphyrna lewini and smooth S. zygaena hammerhead sharks, but their local foraging habits are yet to be fully understood. In this study, the trophic niches of both hammerhead species as well as of sympatric Pacific sharpnose sharks Rhizoprionodon longurio were investigated using stable isotope values (δ13C, δ34S and δ15N) and fatty acid compositions in whole blood and muscle tissues. Despite interspecific similarities among trophic niches, smooth hammerheads were characterized by lower δ13C, higher δ34S and greater proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in both tissues, suggesting they were already partly relying on offshore pelagic resources. For scalloped hammerheads, muscle reflected coastal dietary resources, while offshore trophic markers were detected in blood integrating prey signal over shorter time periods, indicating their more recent initiation of ontogenetic migration. Multidimensional niche calculation revealed low overlap between hammerhead shark trophic niches, implying that potential fine-scale differences in habitat use could reduce competition between these morphologically and ecologically similar species. In the meantime, the isotopic niches of juvenile scalloped and smooth hammerheads were smaller than that of Pacific sharpnose sharks, suggesting they could be more specialized consumers. Overall, the identification of foraging grounds for juvenile hammerhead sharks calls for a future characterization of their residency time in coastal ecosystems to further understand their interactions with fishing pressure in the Gulf of California.
KEYWORDS
Lucien Besnard (Corresponding Author)
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
Gaël Le Croizier (Co-author)
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
Felipe Galván-Magaña (Co-author)
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. IPN s/n, 23096 La Paz, BCS, Mexico
Margaux Mathieu-Resuge (Co-author)
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
Edouard Kraffe (Co-author)
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
Raúl O. Martínez-Rincón (Co-author)
- CONACyT-Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, 23096 La Paz, BCS, Mexico
Fabienne Le Grand (Co-author)
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
Antoine Bideau (Co-author)
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
Gauthier Schaal (Co-author)
- Univ Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France
